Which program name describes embedding L1 literacy development as a foundation for L2 within transition bilingual education?

Which program name describes embedding L1 literacy development as a foundation for L2 within transition bilingual education?

• A. SDAIE
• B. Total Immersion
• C. Transitional Bilingual Education
• D. Teaching for Transfer

Answer: (C)

This item is about program models that build on students’ native-language literacy to develop literacy in a second language. The best fit is Transitional Bilingual Education, which intentionally uses L1 reading and writing as the foundation while gradually introducing and increasing English instruction. The aim is for students to transfer their literacy skills from L1 to L2 as they become more proficient, shifting from more L1-dominated instruction to more English over time. SDAIE centers on teaching content in English with sheltered strategies, not on building L1 literacy first. Total Immersion emphasizes substantial bilingual exposure, often with strong emphasis on both languages, but not specifically the transitional L1-first approach. Teaching for Transfer is a broader pedagogical idea about helping students transfer skills between languages, not a program model that describes embedding L1 literacy as the base for L2 within a transition framework.

This item is about program models that build on students’ native-language literacy to develop literacy in a second language. The best fit is Transitional Bilingual Education, which intentionally uses L1 reading and writing as the foundation while gradually introducing and increasing English instruction. The aim is for students to transfer their literacy skills from L1 to L2 as they become more proficient, shifting from more L1-dominated instruction to more English over time.

SDAIE centers on teaching content in English with sheltered strategies, not on building L1 literacy first. Total Immersion emphasizes substantial bilingual exposure, often with strong emphasis on both languages, but not specifically the transitional L1-first approach. Teaching for Transfer is a broader pedagogical idea about helping students transfer skills between languages, not a program model that describes embedding L1 literacy as the base for L2 within a transition framework.